ETH Zürich

Assistant Professor of Architecture and Urban Design
Prof. Dr. Alexander Lehnerer
Department of Architecture
HIL G 74
Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5
8093 Zurich, Switzerland

The City as the Critical Project of Architecture

Ever since architecture discovered the city as its domain, there has been a critical and fruitful debate regarding how these two relate to one another. One is clearly always part of the other, is comprised by the other, sometimes contained in the other. At least the city and architecture always condition one another. The city is the one big project of society and therefore naturally challenges architecture as a cultural project. The productive and intellectual impetus of the inconclusive negotiation between the two lies exactly in the confrontation of the individual with the collective, text with context, the political with the planned, and the autonomous with the cultural. These dialectical moments of inquiry outline what the discipline of architecture has described as a third typology, an architectural project that operates between two seemingly contradictory states creating friction that leads to alternative and subversive outcomes.

This search for a third typology has led us to investigate collective form and its physicality as a result of historical and contemporary processes, as well as projective/speculative conception—at a scale larger than a building and smaller than a city. The methodological analysis of collective form includes comparative observations, critical commentary, and the search for strategic tools that can be employed to simultaneously shape and understand our built environment in order to produce specific public qualities as cumulative effects. The results are thematic formats that can be read as critical discursive urban projects, both as research and pedagogy, but never obliged to only one single scale.

In this third typology, between the big and the small, theory and project, sign and object, the speculative reality of architecture develops its truly striking potential.

The individual research projects are conducted within three disciplinary modes of inquiry: the history of architecture, the mediums in which architecture communicates, and architecture’s disciplinary versus cultural concerns. Within this research framework, the chair searches for examples, narratives, rationales, and manifestos of how architecture is both a product of as well as an influential force behind the form and culture of the world’s infinite anthropogenic fabric.

Kanzlei 2

HS 2016 Haushalt

Standard Deviation

The ‘Regelgeschoss’ (standard floor) is a staple of modern housing. A building with n floors (where n > 3) typically has n–2 floors which are exactly the same. This results in a circulation network that could be described as a ‘ladder’—a vertical distribution corridor (e.g. stair core or elevator) with terminal horizontal corridors at each level. As the number of standard floors is reduced, the distribution corridor is required to ‘transfer’ between non-standard floors, breaking down the hierarchy between vertical and horizontal, distribution and termination. This leads to the question: What if there were only one Regelgeschoss?

This project positions one, collective Regelgeschoss halfway between the ground and the uppermost floor. It is only on this floor that circulation becomes normative. What is produced is a knot of 3 oblique corridors that stem from three separate entrances. Under this scheme, the relationship between access and apartment is modified considerably. The meandering stair corridors serve fewer tenants and take on a more intimate character—the entrance vestibule becomes part of the apartment. For each unit, an anonymous second door is added to the vestibule, allowing residents to take a ‘shortcut’ through the semi-private hallway.

Project by: Eva Lanter Lukas Manz